JPMorgan Chase, Citigroup first U.S. banks to be fined in rate-rigging scandal

``On Wednesday, JPMorgan Chase and Citigroup became the first U.S. banks fined for the alleged ma­nipu­la­tion of benchmark interest rates that affect hundreds of billions of dollars in contracts around the world, including credit cards and mortgages. The European Commission slapped six financial giants, including Deutsche Bank and Royal Bank of Scotland, with a total of $2.3 billion in penalties for colluding to rig European and Japanese interest rates for profit.''