2016-05-04wsj.com

The current economic expansion, which wraps up its seventh year next month, has been driven largely by rising employment rather than gains in productivity. Since the economic recovery began in mid-2009, output per hour worked has expanded at an average annual rate of 1.3%. That was the worst performance over a seven-year stretch since the late-1970s to mid-1980s, which were marked by back-to-back recessions.

In the first quarter, the picture worsened: Productivity in the nonfarm business sector declined at a 1% seasonally adjusted annual rate, the Labor Department said Wednesday. From a year earlier, productivity was up just 0.6%. The quarterly drop marked the fourth decline in the past six quarters.

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Declining productivity growth means companies need more workers to keep up with demand and helps explain why millions of people have been able to rejoin the job market in recent years despite a slow-growing economy.



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